不銹鋼加工成型時(shí)變形回彈怎么辦？

摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不銹鋼加工成型時(shí)變形回彈怎么辦？</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼的回彈的確麻煩，跟很多原因有關(guān)系。硬度方面，硬度越大，回彈越大。上次用了</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301-EH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">料，回彈放到</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">14</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度。彎曲半徑料厚與料厚比：比值越大，回彈越大。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">SUS301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">SUS304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">回彈大，相同情況下，</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">回彈小</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">2</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度。另外日本</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比臺(tái)灣料回彈要大。成型方式也有差異。一步成型的回彈比多次成型的回彈要大。試模后修正，差多少度改多少度，而且要注意回彈有角度回彈和半徑回彈，具體情況具體分析了。當(dāng)然如果技師的技術(shù)好，會(huì)錯(cuò)位來(lái)調(diào)整，調(diào)整好后通知設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)更改。一般每次移</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">5</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">條來(lái)試，這個(gè)就是靠技師的技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)了。由于不銹鋼自身屈服點(diǎn)高，不銹鋼板折彎加工要點(diǎn)。硬度高，冷作硬化效應(yīng)顯著。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">延伸率低，因?qū)嵝员绕胀ǖ吞间摬睢?dǎo)致所需變形力大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼板料在折彎時(shí)與碳鋼相比有強(qiáng)烈的回彈傾向</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼板相對(duì)于碳鋼由于延伸率低，折彎時(shí)工件折彎角</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">R</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">要大于碳鋼，否則有出現(xiàn)裂紋的可能</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">由于不銹鋼板硬度高，冷作硬化效應(yīng)顯著因此在選擇壓彎刀具時(shí)要選擇熱處置硬度應(yīng)達(dá)到</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">60HRC</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">以上的工具鋼，其外表粗糙度要比碳鋼的壓彎刀具高一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">一般來(lái)說(shuō)單位尺寸下，根據(jù)以上特性。板材越厚，所需折彎力越大，而且隨著板厚增大在選擇折彎設(shè)備時(shí)折彎力的裕量應(yīng)該更大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">單位尺寸下，抗拉強(qiáng)度越大，延伸率越小，所需折彎力越大，折彎角應(yīng)該越大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">設(shè)計(jì)圖中板厚與折彎半徑對(duì)應(yīng)情況下，根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一道彎工件的展開(kāi)尺寸為直角邊相加減去兩個(gè)板厚，完全可以滿足設(shè)計(jì)精度要求。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式計(jì)算展開(kāi)量可簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算過(guò)程大大提高生產(chǎn)效率</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">材質(zhì)的屈服強(qiáng)度越大，彈性回復(fù)量就越大，為獲得折彎件</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">90</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度的角度，所需壓刀的角度就要設(shè)計(jì)的越小。相對(duì)于碳鋼相同板厚的不銹鋼折彎角較大，這一點(diǎn)應(yīng)特別注意否則會(huì)出現(xiàn)壓彎裂紋，影響工件強(qiáng)度。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>